Théorie des points de consigne pour la perte de poids

Evidence[ edit ] In humans, when calories are restricted because of war, famine, or diet, lost weight is typically regained quickly, including for obese patients. Changing leptin levels — either associated with weight gain or loss, or induced via central or peripheral administration in animal models — directly alter feeding behaviour and energy expenditure.

Individuals who, due to genetic mutation, are unable to produce functional leptin or who produce leptin but are insensitive to it are prone to develop obesity. With settling points, an increase or decrease in calories consumed leads to an increase or decrease or energy expended until an equilibrium is reached; this differs from the set point theory in that the increase or decrease in energy expenditure may be driven by an increase or decrease in fat or lean mass without regard to a fixed set weigh or fat level and without active regulation to offset the increased or decreased consumption.

The dual intervention point model posits that rather than a body weight set point, there is a set range for body weight. Under this model, active compensation happens only outside of upper and lower intervention points, while for weights within the set range environmental factors would have a strong effect on body weight since there would only be passive compensation for changes in weight.